Why does activated carbon adsorb?

Inside the activated carbon, the pore structure is crisscrossed, complicated and fine, showing an extremely developed state, with a vast and boundless specific surface area and an outstanding adsorption capacity. Because these micropores cannot be directly observed with the naked eye, you cannot even imagine that a mere 1 gram of activated carbon has a surface area of 800 to 1500 square metres, which is an astonishing value, unless you look up the information. This is a very impressive value. You can compare the internal surface area of the micropores of an activated carbon particle the size of a grain of rice to the area of a spacious living room. It can be imagined that it is these highly developed pore structures that give activated carbon its particularly strong adsorption properties.

 

On the other hand, the force of adsorption between molecules is also called 'Vandewar gravity'. Although the speed of molecular movement is affected by temperature and material, it is always in constant motion in the microenvironment. There is a mutual attraction force between molecules, just like 'the same sound, the same gas'. When a molecule is captured by the inner pore of activated carbon and enters into the inner pore space of activated carbon, it will trigger more molecules to be attracted by intermolecular gravitational force until the inner pore space of activated carbon is completely filled. Activated carbon makes clever use of this principle and shows excellent adsorption capacity for various substances such as organic substances, odours, pigments and heavy metal ions.

 

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